The cool surface is the sheathing assuming no exterior insulation.
Plastic vapor barrier basement walls.
1 on the interior wall between the heated and unheated portion of the basement i would not use with a vapor barrier.
In winter the dew point of the interior air is typically about 50 f assuming an air temperature of 70 f and a relative humidity of 50.
A vapor barrier is also helpful to keeping a basement insulated and warm.
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You should then use fiberglass insulation that has a vapor barrier between the studs with the vapor barrier facing in toward the living space.
When the mold grows it will spread to everything around it studs drywall etc.
If water vapor diffuses or infiltrates into the wall cavity and finds the cool surface moisture problems can occur.
The humid air is indoors.
In exterior walls that are below grade like basement walls.
The construction of the wall for instance is vital to the use of a vapor barrier.
The material is stapled to the frame of a basement wall before it is finished with plaster or drywall.
Building codes usually require a vapor barrier 4 mil plastic sheeting on exterior basement walls if the framing is attached to masonry or concrete surfaces or if the wood framing butts up against the outer basement walls.
The main concerns are condensation and drying potential.
Polyurethane sheeting is a typical vapor barrier that contractors use to prevent moisture from penetrating the walls of a basement.
Plastic on the outer surface of a wall in cold weather could cause problems.